Just serving to emphasise how much the construction industry, upon which the economy and jobs depend so much, has declined since the economic crisis took hold, the number of building projects on Mallorca fell by almost 75% between 2007 and 2011.
See more: Ultima Hora
Showing posts with label Construction industry. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Construction industry. Show all posts
Thursday, March 15, 2012
Friday, March 18, 2011
MALLORCA TODAY - Mallorcan construction sector still suffering
The construction industry in Mallorca and the Balearics is showing little sign of recovery at present. Investment in construction fell by almost 24% in 2010. This year, activity is anticipated to also decline, though far less dramatically, and a very small increase - of 0.6% - is being predicted for 2012.
Wednesday, November 26, 2008
Due To Lack Of Interest
The Balearic Government is to pick up the tab for interest on lines of credit available for the modernisation of hotels. If evidence were needed as to the interdependence of the tourism and construction sectors, here it is. One hope is that hotels, which may have decided to stall refurbishments and modernisations because of the economic situation and also the potential unavailability of finance, will now change their minds, thus giving a boost to local construction companies. In winter, you can usually see a fair amount of renovation; it does seem to be less evident this winter. Whether the hotels will opt to avail themselves of these friendly terms is another matter - they would still have to fund the loans - but this initiative is not a bad one as it combines a short-term need to try and kickstart the ailing construction sector and a longer-term desire to upgrade hotel stock in general. At the recent World Travel Market, the government's boss, Francesc Antich, and the tourism minister, Miquel Nadal, referred to improvements in quality, and they met recently with the heads of the leading hotel groups to discuss just this very matter. However, one of the problems that emerged from that meeting was that of red-tape. Antich said that he will seek to reduce it, but at least one of the hotel bosses was unconvinced that he will be able to impress upon the town halls the need for them to be less bureaucratic.
If the hotels now wanted to effect modernisation plans, they would have to go through the planning-procedure hoops. Not only can this be time-consuming, it can also be costly. I don't know if the owners deliberately went ahead without obtaining the appropriate local licences, but you may recall that the Sunwing Resort in Puerto Alcúdia copped a threequarters of a million euro fine for renovation work undertaken at the Nuevas Palmeras hotel last winter. Perhaps they calculated that it was worth taking a fine and just getting on with things. Though some hotel groups should be very close to the corridors of planning admin in the local authorities, as some are based in the towns where many of their hotels are located, there is still the need for licences. Major works should of course have permission, and one of the problems with Sunwing was the disruption to neighbours, but the insistence of licences for pretty much every damn thing is a nonsense. I understand that one even needs a licence to paint the inside of one's house. Crazy, and no-one bothers because it's unenforceable. I was told the other day about illegal fincas built without permission. The fine for doing so is lower than the costs involved with gaining all the permissions, so they just go ahead and build them.
Meanwhile, and coming back to hotels, I am wondering whatever happened to all the fuss about developments having been built where they shouldn't have been, i.e. within the area from the coastline that has been deemed inviolable, or should have been, on environmental grounds. There was much publicity given to this, and I brought up it up here on the blog, but now it's all gone quiet. There was a suggestion that it was all a political posture on behalf of the PSOE prior to the national elections. And maybe it was. Or maybe it has been realised that enforcing expensive changes in the current economic climate is too politically risky. Or maybe environmental correctness is a product of economically benign times only. Or maybe they've lost interest while, at the same time, losing interest charges.
QUIZ
Yesterday's title - Lulu. The 1967 reference was to "To Sir, With Love", the title was "Independence" (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ubtCMya7NaQ). Today - a line from a monster song by a Leeds group. Girl's name.
(PLEASE REPLY TO andrew@thealcudiaguide.com AND NOT VIA THE COMMENTS THINGY HERE.)
If the hotels now wanted to effect modernisation plans, they would have to go through the planning-procedure hoops. Not only can this be time-consuming, it can also be costly. I don't know if the owners deliberately went ahead without obtaining the appropriate local licences, but you may recall that the Sunwing Resort in Puerto Alcúdia copped a threequarters of a million euro fine for renovation work undertaken at the Nuevas Palmeras hotel last winter. Perhaps they calculated that it was worth taking a fine and just getting on with things. Though some hotel groups should be very close to the corridors of planning admin in the local authorities, as some are based in the towns where many of their hotels are located, there is still the need for licences. Major works should of course have permission, and one of the problems with Sunwing was the disruption to neighbours, but the insistence of licences for pretty much every damn thing is a nonsense. I understand that one even needs a licence to paint the inside of one's house. Crazy, and no-one bothers because it's unenforceable. I was told the other day about illegal fincas built without permission. The fine for doing so is lower than the costs involved with gaining all the permissions, so they just go ahead and build them.
Meanwhile, and coming back to hotels, I am wondering whatever happened to all the fuss about developments having been built where they shouldn't have been, i.e. within the area from the coastline that has been deemed inviolable, or should have been, on environmental grounds. There was much publicity given to this, and I brought up it up here on the blog, but now it's all gone quiet. There was a suggestion that it was all a political posture on behalf of the PSOE prior to the national elections. And maybe it was. Or maybe it has been realised that enforcing expensive changes in the current economic climate is too politically risky. Or maybe environmental correctness is a product of economically benign times only. Or maybe they've lost interest while, at the same time, losing interest charges.
QUIZ
Yesterday's title - Lulu. The 1967 reference was to "To Sir, With Love", the title was "Independence" (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ubtCMya7NaQ). Today - a line from a monster song by a Leeds group. Girl's name.
(PLEASE REPLY TO andrew@thealcudiaguide.com AND NOT VIA THE COMMENTS THINGY HERE.)
Sunday, November 02, 2008
Sign O' The Times
Taking a walk on what was a sunny holiday yesterday and looking at the properties under construction or on offer, you get an impression as to the trough that the construction and real-estate sectors are in. One development, essentially a re-development, of two-to-three bedroomed chalets with a communal pool. The for-sale sign went up at least a year ago. I had not noticed until yesterday that there is a new sign. It says for sale or rent. "They can't sell them," I muttered. There was a nod of agreement. The only saving grace is that the properties are finished. This was not the case with the others. One of these, the development for which, in desperation one feels, there were brochures being put under car windscreens every Sunday when the beach was packed, has started work again. But who is going to buy? On these developments there are always signs up from the local council (Muro) with information as to the developer, the architect and the dates of agreement - when it was approved, when it was started, when it is scheduled for completion. As far as the latter information is concerned, it says, somewhat ambiguously, "two years". It is unclear whether it is two years from approval or from commencement. It probably doesn't matter. Who in their right mind is prepared to hand over a deposit for something that may or may not be finished next year some time, or later, or never at all? It's the developer caught between a rock and a hard place. The work has to continue with as much credit as can be extracted but without deposits to guarantee the next line of credit. Or so one presumes. Maybe there are people mad enough to stump up and wait and pray. Then there is another development. It has reached its completion date. It has not been completed. There is no work going on. One of the units is occupied, but the front of the development still has a builder's wire gate of a shield. Some time, perhaps, the people who have the sole unit will get some sort of wall and security entrance. They may have a long wait.
It is understandable that construction work is suspended during the tourist season, but this does the construction industry few or no favours. The developers are left with an unworked asset that becomes a liability because of the building hiatus. It has been something they could live with, but not now, especially not now. The developers need more flexibility as to when they can build, but they are unlikely to get it. The government is caught between the rock of tourism tranquility and the hard place of companies going out of business and workers chucked onto the dole queues. The symbiosis between Mallorca's tourism and its construction - its only two important industries - is also the island's weakness when the economic conditions are as weak as they are and have been for several months. Of course there is no guarantee that these properties will be bought in any event, but the summer break creates a strain that is impossible, and this summer break has been the breaking point.
Going further on the walk on this pleasant sunny day, there is the plot that has been there for so long, sandwiched between two striking homes with high walls and security paraphernalia. There is something new. On the pavement is a temporary workman's loo. There is no other work happening in the vicinity. Maybe it arrived yesterday. Maybe there is work due to start this coming week. And you wonder why. Why now? Perhaps someone with adequate funds has bought the plot for a new-build house for which he or she also has adequate funds. In that case it is probably ok, but the sign that has been on the plot for some two years suggests otherwise. The developers may be given few favours by the summer break, but they do themselves few favours either. Why start now? They should take a walk as well. It won't take long.
Then there are the prices. The house of the German neighbour who died during the summer. Two estate agents have valued it: one at 500,000, the other at 550,000. All the other neighbours want to know the value and then usually shake their heads or have to wait until they have translated the price into pesetas before then shaking their heads - ¡¡ochenta milliones!! The question that gets asked is normally how many millions, because they still operate in pesetas. And when they work it out, they crease their foreheads and think they've miscalculated. The house is fine, very pleasant, well-maintained with new kitchen etc etc. But it has only two bedrooms; it isn't that big. The agents say, oh well there could be a third bedroom or maybe there could be another storey on what is a flat-roofed bungalow. Yes, maybe there could be, but that costs money. And then there is the slight problem of some of the legality. An old, familiar story. Another neighbour - also German - said to me that the price was unrealistic. 350,000; that was more like it. I couldn't disagree with him. How do they arrive at these still inflated prices? Especially now.
QUIZ
Yesterday's title - Visage (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cznha2YTTh0). Today's title - genius but potty under whatever name.
(PLEASE REPLY TO andrew@thealcudiaguide.com AND NOT VIA THE COMMENTS THINGY HERE.)
It is understandable that construction work is suspended during the tourist season, but this does the construction industry few or no favours. The developers are left with an unworked asset that becomes a liability because of the building hiatus. It has been something they could live with, but not now, especially not now. The developers need more flexibility as to when they can build, but they are unlikely to get it. The government is caught between the rock of tourism tranquility and the hard place of companies going out of business and workers chucked onto the dole queues. The symbiosis between Mallorca's tourism and its construction - its only two important industries - is also the island's weakness when the economic conditions are as weak as they are and have been for several months. Of course there is no guarantee that these properties will be bought in any event, but the summer break creates a strain that is impossible, and this summer break has been the breaking point.
Going further on the walk on this pleasant sunny day, there is the plot that has been there for so long, sandwiched between two striking homes with high walls and security paraphernalia. There is something new. On the pavement is a temporary workman's loo. There is no other work happening in the vicinity. Maybe it arrived yesterday. Maybe there is work due to start this coming week. And you wonder why. Why now? Perhaps someone with adequate funds has bought the plot for a new-build house for which he or she also has adequate funds. In that case it is probably ok, but the sign that has been on the plot for some two years suggests otherwise. The developers may be given few favours by the summer break, but they do themselves few favours either. Why start now? They should take a walk as well. It won't take long.
Then there are the prices. The house of the German neighbour who died during the summer. Two estate agents have valued it: one at 500,000, the other at 550,000. All the other neighbours want to know the value and then usually shake their heads or have to wait until they have translated the price into pesetas before then shaking their heads - ¡¡ochenta milliones!! The question that gets asked is normally how many millions, because they still operate in pesetas. And when they work it out, they crease their foreheads and think they've miscalculated. The house is fine, very pleasant, well-maintained with new kitchen etc etc. But it has only two bedrooms; it isn't that big. The agents say, oh well there could be a third bedroom or maybe there could be another storey on what is a flat-roofed bungalow. Yes, maybe there could be, but that costs money. And then there is the slight problem of some of the legality. An old, familiar story. Another neighbour - also German - said to me that the price was unrealistic. 350,000; that was more like it. I couldn't disagree with him. How do they arrive at these still inflated prices? Especially now.
QUIZ
Yesterday's title - Visage (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cznha2YTTh0). Today's title - genius but potty under whatever name.
(PLEASE REPLY TO andrew@thealcudiaguide.com AND NOT VIA THE COMMENTS THINGY HERE.)
Sunday, July 27, 2008
With Good Company
Which are the great Mallorcan companies? Great in terms of size, profit or renown? Go on - name them. Outside of Mallorca, the Balearics or Spain, you might be hard pushed. Yet there are some. Which company is the most profitable (for the year to the end of 2006 anyway)? Iberostar, a hotel chain with an international presence and generally a byword for immaculate quality. Its profits in 2006 were skewed somewhat by the sale of various businesses, such as the Viajes Iberia travel agencies, but it stands some distance ahead of the second placed concern, the energy company GESA. Another hotel business - Riusa - occupies third place.
There may be problems at Spanair, but the airline registered the highest sales figures for a single company, though the three business comprising Globalia, which include Air Europa, were ahead of them. Yet another hotel chain, Sol Meliá, employed the most people.
These then are the crème of the Mallorcan corporate crème. You can add some other names, such as Barceló, also a hotel organisation, and in so doing a pretty clear picture emerges. Hotels and airlines - tourism. It is not exactly surprising for islands that are built on tourism and built with hotels that such businesses should be at the top of the pile. But a strength can as easily be a weakness; wealth-creation within the economy as a whole is dependent on a clutch of companies performing well. If there is a downturn, they just go to emphasise where the weakness resides in that whole economy. Spanair is a current example.
Strip away the hotels and airlines (and it is perhaps interesting that construction firms do not register at the very top) and, internationally at any rate, Mallorca and the Balearics are virtual non-players. I say virtual, as there are other businesses that have forged something of an international reputation - the Inca-based Camper shoes company is an example. Leather is a not unimportant sector of the Mallorcan economy but one often overlooked.
But to come back to construction. This sector is littered with companies, most of them family concerns. Many grew on the back of the drive towards modernisation and tourism. They were the vital suppliers of skills to creating the Mallorca of today, one far removed from the tracks and decrepit infrastructure of the sixties. Yet their proliferation is, in the current climate, something of an anachronism. Just as businesses pass through life cycles, so do whole sectors of business. The Mallorcan construction industry is well into its mature phase, but it is still structured as though it were in its youth. The sector could do with some rationalisation, which means (or can mean) merger and takeover. A trimmed-down, leaner to use the business term, construction industry may be able to take advantage of size and economies of scale. As importantly, perhaps, this may lead to governance that can help to prevent the mess that the sector is currently in. There is rationalisation by default, caused by bankruptcy, but this is not how to manage a business, an industry sector or an economy. Company collapse is a kind of Malthusian principle of population applied to business. For Malthus, war, famine and the rest were inevitable and necessary forms of correction. There is no such inevitability, or need not be, in a soundly functioning economy. Rationalisation through combination is an antidote to the Malthusian apocalypse.
The Balearic president, Francesc Antich, is due to announce measures to support and stimulate the economy. There needs to be some blue sky amongst the short-term. Recently, there was a suggestion that the tourism sector will be able to absorb the job losses in the construction industry. How? Especially in winter. More fundamentally though, we just seek the comfort of the mother industry to see us through the dark nights. It cannot continue indefinitely. Antich is being pressed to demand more handouts from Madrid. There may indeed be the hand of parsimony when it comes to those central funds, but a deserving request for more simply helps to paper over the cracks of the half-built properties and other faultlines in the local economy - or it would were the monies to be forthcoming. A quick glance at those company-performance figures tells all that is needed to be known. The economy is top heavy. And that is its weakness.
QUIZ
Yesterday's title - Justin Timberlake - http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FKXm3Qg7sBo. Today's title - you couldn't probably get further away from Justin Timberlake than this folk musician: Scottish and "incredible".
(PLEASE REPLY TO andrew@thealcudiaguide.com AND NOT VIA THE COMMENTS THINGY HERE.)
There may be problems at Spanair, but the airline registered the highest sales figures for a single company, though the three business comprising Globalia, which include Air Europa, were ahead of them. Yet another hotel chain, Sol Meliá, employed the most people.
These then are the crème of the Mallorcan corporate crème. You can add some other names, such as Barceló, also a hotel organisation, and in so doing a pretty clear picture emerges. Hotels and airlines - tourism. It is not exactly surprising for islands that are built on tourism and built with hotels that such businesses should be at the top of the pile. But a strength can as easily be a weakness; wealth-creation within the economy as a whole is dependent on a clutch of companies performing well. If there is a downturn, they just go to emphasise where the weakness resides in that whole economy. Spanair is a current example.
Strip away the hotels and airlines (and it is perhaps interesting that construction firms do not register at the very top) and, internationally at any rate, Mallorca and the Balearics are virtual non-players. I say virtual, as there are other businesses that have forged something of an international reputation - the Inca-based Camper shoes company is an example. Leather is a not unimportant sector of the Mallorcan economy but one often overlooked.
But to come back to construction. This sector is littered with companies, most of them family concerns. Many grew on the back of the drive towards modernisation and tourism. They were the vital suppliers of skills to creating the Mallorca of today, one far removed from the tracks and decrepit infrastructure of the sixties. Yet their proliferation is, in the current climate, something of an anachronism. Just as businesses pass through life cycles, so do whole sectors of business. The Mallorcan construction industry is well into its mature phase, but it is still structured as though it were in its youth. The sector could do with some rationalisation, which means (or can mean) merger and takeover. A trimmed-down, leaner to use the business term, construction industry may be able to take advantage of size and economies of scale. As importantly, perhaps, this may lead to governance that can help to prevent the mess that the sector is currently in. There is rationalisation by default, caused by bankruptcy, but this is not how to manage a business, an industry sector or an economy. Company collapse is a kind of Malthusian principle of population applied to business. For Malthus, war, famine and the rest were inevitable and necessary forms of correction. There is no such inevitability, or need not be, in a soundly functioning economy. Rationalisation through combination is an antidote to the Malthusian apocalypse.
The Balearic president, Francesc Antich, is due to announce measures to support and stimulate the economy. There needs to be some blue sky amongst the short-term. Recently, there was a suggestion that the tourism sector will be able to absorb the job losses in the construction industry. How? Especially in winter. More fundamentally though, we just seek the comfort of the mother industry to see us through the dark nights. It cannot continue indefinitely. Antich is being pressed to demand more handouts from Madrid. There may indeed be the hand of parsimony when it comes to those central funds, but a deserving request for more simply helps to paper over the cracks of the half-built properties and other faultlines in the local economy - or it would were the monies to be forthcoming. A quick glance at those company-performance figures tells all that is needed to be known. The economy is top heavy. And that is its weakness.
QUIZ
Yesterday's title - Justin Timberlake - http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FKXm3Qg7sBo. Today's title - you couldn't probably get further away from Justin Timberlake than this folk musician: Scottish and "incredible".
(PLEASE REPLY TO andrew@thealcudiaguide.com AND NOT VIA THE COMMENTS THINGY HERE.)
Wednesday, June 25, 2008
It's Just A Rumour That Was Spread Around Town
With the due predictability of night following day, the Balearic Government, responding to the current economic mess, is going to stump up over 1000 million euros, much it being directed towards construction and a fair chunk to paying debts.
This is the unreal reality of the local economy. It is hard to ever categorise construction as a strategic industry, but in Mallorca that is pretty much what it is. It is a strategic industry in that it creates a cycle of employment and wealth generation and thus is, in effect, a glorified subsistence industry. The government, with little else to turn to, is left with little alternative but to prop it up. And propping up is what it is doing.
It cannot be denied that certain public projects, such as the upgrading of water-treatment plants and the planned extensions to the rail network, are necessary or to-be-desired infrastructure developments and job creators, but one does have to wonder as to the efficiency of the capital being handed over to local construction firms. The current economic malaise is one created by many factors, but debt and therefore business collapse are the consequences. Take the Drac Group, the company presided over by Vicente Grande, he also of the Real Mallorca football club to which Freddy Shepherd has turned his covetous eyes. Drac has applied for the suspension of payments to creditors. A financial restructuring may yet save the company, but it is, to all intents and purposes, bankrupt. A substantial player like Drac going almost or totally belly-up obviously means that supplier firms are left with unpaid invoices, cascading the economic problem down through the economic chain of the island. This is the debt-payment alleviation to which the government is willing to divert funding.
I have no way of knowing the ins and outs of the Drac situation, but the construction sector stands (and appears to also fall) as an example of why things are in a mess. Many construction companies have been like Leeds United; they have bet the future with easy credit that has of course now dried up. Again, I make no comment specifically about Drac, but one has to ask - in a wider context - about the management and governance that has brought this situation about.
The government is left with a Hobson's choice - and that is to support an industry that has become de facto strategic in the absence of alternatives. If nothing else, this should all be exercising the minds of Balearic politicians as to diversification, and a shift away from the relationship with the construction sector, a relationship that seems to enable firms in difficulty to go cap in hand for a bail-out and for more public funds and therefore more borrowing to jump-start the sector. The construction industry may be in difficulty, but it virtually can hold a gun to the government's head. Let firms go under and that means unemployment, more grim economic news, and the blame will be lain at the government's door, which would be only partially true. And don't think this is all a consequence of an acquiescent Socialist-led government; it would have been no different under a PP administration.
But what, one might well ask, would happen were there to be a sudden collapse in the tourism sector, which can more genuinely be called a strategic industry? Would hoteliers and others, faced with debts from unsold holidays, be able to get the government to dig into the coffers for assistance? Aid because of, say, a natural disaster is one thing, but aid occasioned by market failure is another. Which brings one back to the notion of diversification. There is just the possibility of a "shock" that could derail the tourism sector; it cannot ever be discounted. But the question of course is diversification into what. I don't know that anyone has a good answer to that.
QUIZ
Chain - Hang On Sloopy is the official rock song of the state of Ohio, which does rather beg the question why a state needs an official rock song, but there you go. And by which soul and funk route do you get from Ohio to "Turn The Music Up". Yesterday's title - Man Ray's real name was Emmanuel Radnitzky. Today's title - though it was about more than just a decaying industry (not that construction here is, but it seemed like a good opportunity to use the title), where does this come from?
(PLEASE REPLY TO andrew@thealcudiaguide.com AND NOT VIA THE COMMENTS THINGY HERE.)
This is the unreal reality of the local economy. It is hard to ever categorise construction as a strategic industry, but in Mallorca that is pretty much what it is. It is a strategic industry in that it creates a cycle of employment and wealth generation and thus is, in effect, a glorified subsistence industry. The government, with little else to turn to, is left with little alternative but to prop it up. And propping up is what it is doing.
It cannot be denied that certain public projects, such as the upgrading of water-treatment plants and the planned extensions to the rail network, are necessary or to-be-desired infrastructure developments and job creators, but one does have to wonder as to the efficiency of the capital being handed over to local construction firms. The current economic malaise is one created by many factors, but debt and therefore business collapse are the consequences. Take the Drac Group, the company presided over by Vicente Grande, he also of the Real Mallorca football club to which Freddy Shepherd has turned his covetous eyes. Drac has applied for the suspension of payments to creditors. A financial restructuring may yet save the company, but it is, to all intents and purposes, bankrupt. A substantial player like Drac going almost or totally belly-up obviously means that supplier firms are left with unpaid invoices, cascading the economic problem down through the economic chain of the island. This is the debt-payment alleviation to which the government is willing to divert funding.
I have no way of knowing the ins and outs of the Drac situation, but the construction sector stands (and appears to also fall) as an example of why things are in a mess. Many construction companies have been like Leeds United; they have bet the future with easy credit that has of course now dried up. Again, I make no comment specifically about Drac, but one has to ask - in a wider context - about the management and governance that has brought this situation about.
The government is left with a Hobson's choice - and that is to support an industry that has become de facto strategic in the absence of alternatives. If nothing else, this should all be exercising the minds of Balearic politicians as to diversification, and a shift away from the relationship with the construction sector, a relationship that seems to enable firms in difficulty to go cap in hand for a bail-out and for more public funds and therefore more borrowing to jump-start the sector. The construction industry may be in difficulty, but it virtually can hold a gun to the government's head. Let firms go under and that means unemployment, more grim economic news, and the blame will be lain at the government's door, which would be only partially true. And don't think this is all a consequence of an acquiescent Socialist-led government; it would have been no different under a PP administration.
But what, one might well ask, would happen were there to be a sudden collapse in the tourism sector, which can more genuinely be called a strategic industry? Would hoteliers and others, faced with debts from unsold holidays, be able to get the government to dig into the coffers for assistance? Aid because of, say, a natural disaster is one thing, but aid occasioned by market failure is another. Which brings one back to the notion of diversification. There is just the possibility of a "shock" that could derail the tourism sector; it cannot ever be discounted. But the question of course is diversification into what. I don't know that anyone has a good answer to that.
QUIZ
Chain - Hang On Sloopy is the official rock song of the state of Ohio, which does rather beg the question why a state needs an official rock song, but there you go. And by which soul and funk route do you get from Ohio to "Turn The Music Up". Yesterday's title - Man Ray's real name was Emmanuel Radnitzky. Today's title - though it was about more than just a decaying industry (not that construction here is, but it seemed like a good opportunity to use the title), where does this come from?
(PLEASE REPLY TO andrew@thealcudiaguide.com AND NOT VIA THE COMMENTS THINGY HERE.)
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